Research Article
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Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices

Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 234 - 252, 31.12.2016

Abstract








In present study the objective has been to manifest perceptions and practices of geography teachers
towards integrating technology to teaching geography. In 5 different types of schools within Nevşehir
(Turkey) city center, a total of 22 geography teachers volunteering to participate in the research were
included in this study in which data were collected via semi-structured interview form during 2015-2016
academic year . Descriptive analysis method was employed to analyze obtained data. Integrating
Technology to Teaching approach developed by Maddux & Johnson (2006) was adopted in the analysis of
technology practices of interviewed teachers. In the conclusion part of the research it was identified that
participant geography teachers possessed insufficient level of knowledge on integrating technology; a vast
majority of teachers (16) performed Type I practices that referred to using technology; a small portion of
teachers (6) performed practices that could fall into Type II dimension and five out of these six teachers
practiced model and replica designs to visualize the topic; one teacher in his/her practice transferred the
material (photograph) prepared as a teaching material to computer program for future use as data. 




References

  • Aksoy, H. &Ünlü, M. (2012). “The Effects of Map Skills Practices in Geography Course toward Students’ Attitudes”Marmara Geography Journal, 26, 16-41.
  • Alkan, C. (1997). Educational Technology (5th ed.). Ankara, Anı Press.
  • Ateş, M. (2010). Usage of Interactive Board on Geography Lesson at High School, Marmara Geography Journal, 22, 409-427.
  • Bingimlas, K, A. (2009). Barriers to the Successful Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning Environments: A Review of the Literature. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Teaching 5, (3), 235-245.
  • Brush, T., & Saye, J. W. (2009). Strategies for preparing preservice social studies teachers to integrate technology effectively: Models and practices. Contemporary Issues in Technology & Teacher Teaching, 9 (1), 46-59.
  • Bulut, İ. & Koçoğlu, E. (2012). Social Science Teachers’ Opinions on the Usage of Interactive Whiteboards (Diyarbakır city example). Dicle University, Ziya Gokalp Teaching Faculty Journal, 19, 242-258.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (Eds.) (2008). Scientific Research Methods, Ankara, Pegem Academy Press.
  • Çağıltay, K, Çakıroğlu, J., Çağıltay N. & Çakıroğlu E. (2001). Teachers' Opinions on the Utilization of Computers in Teaching, Hacettepe Journal of Teaching, 21 (1), 19-28.
  • Çelik, E. (2007). Effects of using computer aided animation on student achievement in secondary school geography lesson. M.Ed thesis. Marmara University, İstanbul.
  • Çelikkaya, T. (2013). Social Science Teachers’ Using the Teaching Aids and Materials Levels, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Teaching Faculty Journal, 32 (1), 73-105.
  • Choy, D., Wong, A. F. L. & Gao, P. (2009). Student teachers‘intentions and actions on integrating technology into their classrooms during student teaching: A Singapore study. Journal of Research on Technology in Teaching, 42 (2), 175-195.
  • Çilenti, K. (1995). Educational Technology and its Gravity, Ankara, Kadıoğlu Press.
  • Çoklar, A. N., Kılıçer, K., & Odabaşı, H. F. (2007). A Critical View of the Use of Technology in Teaching: Teknopedagoji. The proceedings of 7th International Technology Conference, 3-5 May, Near East University, North Cyprus.
  • Cuban, L., Kirkpatrick, H., & Peck, C. (2001). High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox. American Educational Research Journal, 38 (4), 813–834.
  • Demirci, A., Taş, H. İ. & Özel, A. (2007). Technology Usage in geography Classes in High Schools in Turkey, Marmara Geography Journal, (15), 37-54.
  • Demircioğlu, H. İ. (2014). Instructional Technologies and Designing Material in History Teaching, In H. İ, Demircioğlu - Turan, İ, (Eds.), Instructional Technologies and Designing Material in History Teaching, (1-12) Ankara, Pegem Academy Press.
  • Donert, K. (2015). Digital Earth - Digital World: Geospatial Technologies and Geography Teaching in a Changing World, Solari, M. O., Demirci, A., and Schee D. V. J., (Eds.), Strategies for Geospatial Technologies in 21st Education (pp.195-204).
  • Dursun, F . & Çevik, V . (2005). T eachers’ Computer Utilization Level, XIV . National Educational Sciences Congress, 28-30 September, Pamukkale, Turkey.
  • EDUTOPIA. (2011). What Is Technology Integration? Retrieved from, http://www.edutopia. org/teaching-module-technology-integration-whatwebsite .
  • Erduran, A. & Tataroğlu, B. (2009). Comparison of Science and Mathematics Teachers’ Views Regarding Use of Smart Board in Teaching. 9th International Educational Technology Conference, 6-8 May, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Erkan, S., Akkoyunlu, B., & Tuğrul, B. (2010). Internet Usage Purposes of Teachers and Digital Competency Levels, 10th International Educational Technology Conference, 26-28 April, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Gao, P., Wong, A. F. L., & Choy, D. & Wu, J. (2010). Developing leadership potential for technology integration: Perspectives of three beginning teachers, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26 (5), 643-658.
  • Gür, B. S., Özoğlu, M., & Başer, T. (2010). Computer Technology Use in Schools and Problems Witnessed, 9th National Symposium on Classroom Teaching, 20-22 May, Elazığ, Turkey.
  • Harris, J., Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2009). Teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge and learning activity types: Curriculum-based technology integration reframed. Journal of Research on Technology in Teaching, 41 (4), 393-416.
  • Hoşgör, K. (2016). On the Problem of Perception, Kilikya Philosophy Periodicals, 1, 11-29.
  • İşman. A. (2008). Instructional Technologies and Designing Material. Ankara: Pegem Press.
  • ISTE. (2005). All children must be ready for a different world. Retrieved from, http://cnets.iste.org/intro.html .
  • Jang, S. J. (2010). Integrating the Interactive Whiteboard and Peer Coaching to Develop the TPACK of Secondary Science Teachers. Computers & Teaching, 55, 1744–1751.
  • Kafyulilo, A., Fisser, P., Pieters, J. & Voogt, J. (2015). ICT Use in Science and Mathematics Teacher Teaching in Tanzania: Developing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 31 (4), 381-399.
  • Kerski, J, J. (2003). The Implementation and Effectiveness of Geographic Information Systems Technology and Methods in Secondary Teaching, Journal of Geography 102,128-137. Retrieved from, http://www.josephkerski.com/kerski_ jog_implementation_effectiveness.pdf.
  • Koehler, J. M, Mishra, P. & Cain, W. (2013).What is technological pedagogical content (TPACK), Journal of Teaching, 193 (3), 13-19.
  • Koehler, M. J., & Mishra, P. (2005). Teachers Learning Technology by Design. Journal of Computing in Teacher Teaching, 21 (3), 94–102.
  • Korkmaz, Ö. & Çakıl, İ. (2013). Teachers’ difficulties about using smart boards, Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 595- 599.
  • Koutsopoulos, C. K. (2008). Teaching Geography: Instructing with GIS and about GIS. In Donert, K. (Ed.), GIS in Teaching, (25-37). San Diego CA: ESRI Press.
  • Kramarski, B., & Michalsky, T. (2010). Preparing Preservice Teachers for Self-Regulated Learning in the Context of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Learning and Instruction, 20 (5), 434-447.
  • Kuş, E. (2007). Quantitative-Qualitative Research Techniques. (2. Edition), Ankara: Anı Press.
  • Lai, Horng-Ji, (2010), Secondary School Teachers’ Perceptions of Interactive Whiteboard Training Workshops: A Case Study from Taiwan. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26 (4), 511-522.
  • Maddux, C. D., & Johnson, D.L. (Eds.) (2006). Type II Uses of Technology in Teaching: Projects, Case Studies, and Software Applications. New York: Haworth Press.
  • Matheison, B. (2011). Learning v. Understanding: The Difference between Technology Use and Technology Integration in the Elementary Classroom. Retrieved from, http://sites.google.com/site/brittanymatheison/lessonplans.
  • Mumcu, F. K., Haşlaman, T., & Usluel, Y. K. (2008). Indicators of Effective Technology Integration in the Framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Model. 8th International Educational Technology Conference, 4-6 October, Gaziantep, Turkey
  • Nworie, J. (2011). Adoption of Technologies in Higher Teaching: Trends and Issues. Surry, W. D, Gray, M. R., & Stefurak, R, J. (Eds.), Technolog Integration in Higher Education: Social and Organizational Aspects (pp.307-324)
  • Özgen, N. & Çakıcıoğlu, R. O. (2009) Usage of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Geography Teaching and its influence on the Course to Reach the Target Level. Ahi Evran University Kırşehir Teaching Faculty Journal, 10 (1), 81-90.
  • Perkmen, S. & Tezci, E. (2011). Technology Integration in Teaching: Material Development and Multimedia Design, Ankara: Pegem Press. Roblyer, M. D. (2006). Integrating Educational Technology ınto Teaching. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Teaching, Inc.
  • Seferoğlu, S. (2014). Instructional Technologies and Designing Material (8th ed.). Ankara: Pegem Academy Press.
  • Şeyihoğlu, A. & Geçit, Y. (2011). Investigation of Computer Aided Geography Teaching Studies in Turkey. Marmara Geography Journal (23), 327-351.
  • Sezer, A., Yıldırım, T. & Pınar, A. (2010). Examination of Computer Self-Efficiacy Perceptions of the Students of Geography Teaching. Erzincan Teaching Faculty Journal, 12 (2).
  • Şimşek, N. (2008). Usage of Geography Information Systems in Social Science Classrooms (GIS). Kastamonu Teaching Journal, 16 (1), 191-198.
  • Sönmez, Ö. F., Çavus, H. and Merey, Z (2009). The Levels of Geographyteachers’ In Instructional Technology and Material Usage. Social Science Researches Journal. 2, 213-228.
  • Tondeur, J., Cooper, M., & Newhouse, C. P. (2010). From ICT Coordination to ICT Integration: A Longitudinal Case Study. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 26 (4), 296-306.
  • Tondeur, J., Kershaw, L. H., Vanderlinde, R., & van Braak, J. (2013). Getting Inside the Black Box of Technology Integration in Teaching: Teachers' Stimulated Recall of Classroom Observations. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29 (3), 434-449.
  • Tsai, C., & Chai, C. S. (2012). The ‘‘third’‘-order Barrier for Technology Integration Instruction: Implications for Teacher Teaching. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 28 (6), 1057–1060.
  • Türel, Y. K., & Johnson, T. E. (2012). Teachers' Belief and Use of Interactive Whiteboards for Teaching and Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 15 (1), 381–394.
  • Ulusoy, K. & Gülüm, K. (2009). Material Usage of Teacher While Lecturing History and Geography in Social Science Classes. Ahi Evran University Teaching Science Journal, 85-99.
  • Yaşar, Ş., & Gültekin, M. (2009). Usage of Material and Tools for Social Science, Öztürk, C. (Ed.) Teaching Social Science, Ankara: Pegem Akademy Press.
  • Yeşiltaş, E. (2009). Teaching Materials and Technology for Social Science, Safran, M. (Ed.) Teaching Social Science, Ankara: Pegem Academy Press.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2008). Qualitative Research Models in Social Sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing House.
  • Zhao, Y., & Cziko, G. A. (2001). Teacher Adoption of Technology: A Perceptual Control Theory Perspective, Journal of Technology and Teacher Teaching, 9 (1), 5-30.
Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 234 - 252, 31.12.2016

Abstract

References

  • Aksoy, H. &Ünlü, M. (2012). “The Effects of Map Skills Practices in Geography Course toward Students’ Attitudes”Marmara Geography Journal, 26, 16-41.
  • Alkan, C. (1997). Educational Technology (5th ed.). Ankara, Anı Press.
  • Ateş, M. (2010). Usage of Interactive Board on Geography Lesson at High School, Marmara Geography Journal, 22, 409-427.
  • Bingimlas, K, A. (2009). Barriers to the Successful Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning Environments: A Review of the Literature. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Teaching 5, (3), 235-245.
  • Brush, T., & Saye, J. W. (2009). Strategies for preparing preservice social studies teachers to integrate technology effectively: Models and practices. Contemporary Issues in Technology & Teacher Teaching, 9 (1), 46-59.
  • Bulut, İ. & Koçoğlu, E. (2012). Social Science Teachers’ Opinions on the Usage of Interactive Whiteboards (Diyarbakır city example). Dicle University, Ziya Gokalp Teaching Faculty Journal, 19, 242-258.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (Eds.) (2008). Scientific Research Methods, Ankara, Pegem Academy Press.
  • Çağıltay, K, Çakıroğlu, J., Çağıltay N. & Çakıroğlu E. (2001). Teachers' Opinions on the Utilization of Computers in Teaching, Hacettepe Journal of Teaching, 21 (1), 19-28.
  • Çelik, E. (2007). Effects of using computer aided animation on student achievement in secondary school geography lesson. M.Ed thesis. Marmara University, İstanbul.
  • Çelikkaya, T. (2013). Social Science Teachers’ Using the Teaching Aids and Materials Levels, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Teaching Faculty Journal, 32 (1), 73-105.
  • Choy, D., Wong, A. F. L. & Gao, P. (2009). Student teachers‘intentions and actions on integrating technology into their classrooms during student teaching: A Singapore study. Journal of Research on Technology in Teaching, 42 (2), 175-195.
  • Çilenti, K. (1995). Educational Technology and its Gravity, Ankara, Kadıoğlu Press.
  • Çoklar, A. N., Kılıçer, K., & Odabaşı, H. F. (2007). A Critical View of the Use of Technology in Teaching: Teknopedagoji. The proceedings of 7th International Technology Conference, 3-5 May, Near East University, North Cyprus.
  • Cuban, L., Kirkpatrick, H., & Peck, C. (2001). High access and low use of technologies in high school classrooms: Explaining an apparent paradox. American Educational Research Journal, 38 (4), 813–834.
  • Demirci, A., Taş, H. İ. & Özel, A. (2007). Technology Usage in geography Classes in High Schools in Turkey, Marmara Geography Journal, (15), 37-54.
  • Demircioğlu, H. İ. (2014). Instructional Technologies and Designing Material in History Teaching, In H. İ, Demircioğlu - Turan, İ, (Eds.), Instructional Technologies and Designing Material in History Teaching, (1-12) Ankara, Pegem Academy Press.
  • Donert, K. (2015). Digital Earth - Digital World: Geospatial Technologies and Geography Teaching in a Changing World, Solari, M. O., Demirci, A., and Schee D. V. J., (Eds.), Strategies for Geospatial Technologies in 21st Education (pp.195-204).
  • Dursun, F . & Çevik, V . (2005). T eachers’ Computer Utilization Level, XIV . National Educational Sciences Congress, 28-30 September, Pamukkale, Turkey.
  • EDUTOPIA. (2011). What Is Technology Integration? Retrieved from, http://www.edutopia. org/teaching-module-technology-integration-whatwebsite .
  • Erduran, A. & Tataroğlu, B. (2009). Comparison of Science and Mathematics Teachers’ Views Regarding Use of Smart Board in Teaching. 9th International Educational Technology Conference, 6-8 May, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Erkan, S., Akkoyunlu, B., & Tuğrul, B. (2010). Internet Usage Purposes of Teachers and Digital Competency Levels, 10th International Educational Technology Conference, 26-28 April, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Gao, P., Wong, A. F. L., & Choy, D. & Wu, J. (2010). Developing leadership potential for technology integration: Perspectives of three beginning teachers, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26 (5), 643-658.
  • Gür, B. S., Özoğlu, M., & Başer, T. (2010). Computer Technology Use in Schools and Problems Witnessed, 9th National Symposium on Classroom Teaching, 20-22 May, Elazığ, Turkey.
  • Harris, J., Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. (2009). Teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge and learning activity types: Curriculum-based technology integration reframed. Journal of Research on Technology in Teaching, 41 (4), 393-416.
  • Hoşgör, K. (2016). On the Problem of Perception, Kilikya Philosophy Periodicals, 1, 11-29.
  • İşman. A. (2008). Instructional Technologies and Designing Material. Ankara: Pegem Press.
  • ISTE. (2005). All children must be ready for a different world. Retrieved from, http://cnets.iste.org/intro.html .
  • Jang, S. J. (2010). Integrating the Interactive Whiteboard and Peer Coaching to Develop the TPACK of Secondary Science Teachers. Computers & Teaching, 55, 1744–1751.
  • Kafyulilo, A., Fisser, P., Pieters, J. & Voogt, J. (2015). ICT Use in Science and Mathematics Teacher Teaching in Tanzania: Developing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 31 (4), 381-399.
  • Kerski, J, J. (2003). The Implementation and Effectiveness of Geographic Information Systems Technology and Methods in Secondary Teaching, Journal of Geography 102,128-137. Retrieved from, http://www.josephkerski.com/kerski_ jog_implementation_effectiveness.pdf.
  • Koehler, J. M, Mishra, P. & Cain, W. (2013).What is technological pedagogical content (TPACK), Journal of Teaching, 193 (3), 13-19.
  • Koehler, M. J., & Mishra, P. (2005). Teachers Learning Technology by Design. Journal of Computing in Teacher Teaching, 21 (3), 94–102.
  • Korkmaz, Ö. & Çakıl, İ. (2013). Teachers’ difficulties about using smart boards, Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 595- 599.
  • Koutsopoulos, C. K. (2008). Teaching Geography: Instructing with GIS and about GIS. In Donert, K. (Ed.), GIS in Teaching, (25-37). San Diego CA: ESRI Press.
  • Kramarski, B., & Michalsky, T. (2010). Preparing Preservice Teachers for Self-Regulated Learning in the Context of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Learning and Instruction, 20 (5), 434-447.
  • Kuş, E. (2007). Quantitative-Qualitative Research Techniques. (2. Edition), Ankara: Anı Press.
  • Lai, Horng-Ji, (2010), Secondary School Teachers’ Perceptions of Interactive Whiteboard Training Workshops: A Case Study from Taiwan. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26 (4), 511-522.
  • Maddux, C. D., & Johnson, D.L. (Eds.) (2006). Type II Uses of Technology in Teaching: Projects, Case Studies, and Software Applications. New York: Haworth Press.
  • Matheison, B. (2011). Learning v. Understanding: The Difference between Technology Use and Technology Integration in the Elementary Classroom. Retrieved from, http://sites.google.com/site/brittanymatheison/lessonplans.
  • Mumcu, F. K., Haşlaman, T., & Usluel, Y. K. (2008). Indicators of Effective Technology Integration in the Framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Model. 8th International Educational Technology Conference, 4-6 October, Gaziantep, Turkey
  • Nworie, J. (2011). Adoption of Technologies in Higher Teaching: Trends and Issues. Surry, W. D, Gray, M. R., & Stefurak, R, J. (Eds.), Technolog Integration in Higher Education: Social and Organizational Aspects (pp.307-324)
  • Özgen, N. & Çakıcıoğlu, R. O. (2009) Usage of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Geography Teaching and its influence on the Course to Reach the Target Level. Ahi Evran University Kırşehir Teaching Faculty Journal, 10 (1), 81-90.
  • Perkmen, S. & Tezci, E. (2011). Technology Integration in Teaching: Material Development and Multimedia Design, Ankara: Pegem Press. Roblyer, M. D. (2006). Integrating Educational Technology ınto Teaching. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Teaching, Inc.
  • Seferoğlu, S. (2014). Instructional Technologies and Designing Material (8th ed.). Ankara: Pegem Academy Press.
  • Şeyihoğlu, A. & Geçit, Y. (2011). Investigation of Computer Aided Geography Teaching Studies in Turkey. Marmara Geography Journal (23), 327-351.
  • Sezer, A., Yıldırım, T. & Pınar, A. (2010). Examination of Computer Self-Efficiacy Perceptions of the Students of Geography Teaching. Erzincan Teaching Faculty Journal, 12 (2).
  • Şimşek, N. (2008). Usage of Geography Information Systems in Social Science Classrooms (GIS). Kastamonu Teaching Journal, 16 (1), 191-198.
  • Sönmez, Ö. F., Çavus, H. and Merey, Z (2009). The Levels of Geographyteachers’ In Instructional Technology and Material Usage. Social Science Researches Journal. 2, 213-228.
  • Tondeur, J., Cooper, M., & Newhouse, C. P. (2010). From ICT Coordination to ICT Integration: A Longitudinal Case Study. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 26 (4), 296-306.
  • Tondeur, J., Kershaw, L. H., Vanderlinde, R., & van Braak, J. (2013). Getting Inside the Black Box of Technology Integration in Teaching: Teachers' Stimulated Recall of Classroom Observations. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29 (3), 434-449.
  • Tsai, C., & Chai, C. S. (2012). The ‘‘third’‘-order Barrier for Technology Integration Instruction: Implications for Teacher Teaching. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 28 (6), 1057–1060.
  • Türel, Y. K., & Johnson, T. E. (2012). Teachers' Belief and Use of Interactive Whiteboards for Teaching and Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 15 (1), 381–394.
  • Ulusoy, K. & Gülüm, K. (2009). Material Usage of Teacher While Lecturing History and Geography in Social Science Classes. Ahi Evran University Teaching Science Journal, 85-99.
  • Yaşar, Ş., & Gültekin, M. (2009). Usage of Material and Tools for Social Science, Öztürk, C. (Ed.) Teaching Social Science, Ankara: Pegem Akademy Press.
  • Yeşiltaş, E. (2009). Teaching Materials and Technology for Social Science, Safran, M. (Ed.) Teaching Social Science, Ankara: Pegem Academy Press.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2008). Qualitative Research Models in Social Sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing House.
  • Zhao, Y., & Cziko, G. A. (2001). Teacher Adoption of Technology: A Perceptual Control Theory Perspective, Journal of Technology and Teacher Teaching, 9 (1), 5-30.
There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Cennet Şanlı

Adem Sezer

Adnan Pınar This is me

Publication Date December 31, 2016
Submission Date July 29, 2016
Acceptance Date December 9, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Şanlı, C., Sezer, A., & Pınar, A. (2016). Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 6(3), 234-252.
AMA Şanlı C, Sezer A, Pınar A. Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices. Review of International Geographical Education Online. December 2016;6(3):234-252.
Chicago Şanlı, Cennet, Adem Sezer, and Adnan Pınar. “Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and Their Practices”. Review of International Geographical Education Online 6, no. 3 (December 2016): 234-52.
EndNote Şanlı C, Sezer A, Pınar A (December 1, 2016) Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices. Review of International Geographical Education Online 6 3 234–252.
IEEE C. Şanlı, A. Sezer, and A. Pınar, “Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices”, Review of International Geographical Education Online, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 234–252, 2016.
ISNAD Şanlı, Cennet et al. “Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and Their Practices”. Review of International Geographical Education Online 6/3 (December 2016), 234-252.
JAMA Şanlı C, Sezer A, Pınar A. Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices. Review of International Geographical Education Online. 2016;6:234–252.
MLA Şanlı, Cennet et al. “Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and Their Practices”. Review of International Geographical Education Online, vol. 6, no. 3, 2016, pp. 234-52.
Vancouver Şanlı C, Sezer A, Pınar A. Perceptions of Geography Teachers to Integrating Technology to Teaching and their Practices. Review of International Geographical Education Online. 2016;6(3):234-52.