Abstract
References
- Bender, B. (1976). Hanging Stephen Crane in the Impressionist Museum. Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 35/1, 47-55.
- Berryman, J. (2001). Stephen Crane: A Critical Biography. New York: Cooper Square Press.
- Bode, C. (1995). Highlights of American Literature. USA: Materials Branch English Language Programs Division.
- Campbell, D. M. (2012). Realism in American Literature 1860-1890, Literary Movements, Washington: Gonzaga University Press.
- Crane, S. (1994). The Red Badge of Courage. London: Penguin Books.
- Çetişli, İ. (2006). Batı edebiyatında edebi akımlar. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınevi.
- Dixler, E. (1984). Book Notes: The Red Badge of Courage, Hauppauge. New York: Barron’s Educational Series.
- Ferrel, W. K. (2000). Literature and Film as Modern Methology. New York: Greenwood publishing group.
- Gullason, T. A. (1972). Stephen Crane’s Career: Perspectives and Evaluations. New York: New York University Press.
- Hartwick, H. (1962). The Red Badge of Nature, The Red Badge of Courage: An Annotated Text. Ed. Sculley Nradley et al. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.
- High, P B. (1986). An Outline of American Literature. USA: Longman.
- Holton, M. (1972). Cylinder of Vision. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
- Hough, R. L. (1972). Crane and Goethe: A Forgotten Relationship. Stephen Crane's Career: Perspectives & Evaluations. Ed. Thomas A. Gullason. New York: New York University Press.
- Lamprecht, S. (1967). The Metaphysics of Naturalism. New York: Appleton-Century- Crofts.
- Pizer, D. (1995). Realism and Naturalism in the Nineteenth Century American literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Solomon, E. (1996). Stephen Crane: From Parody to Realism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Sorrentino, P. (2006). Stephen Crane Remembered. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.
- Stallman, R. W. (1953). Stephen Crane: An Omnibus. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.
- Stallman, R. W., Gilkes, L. (1960). Stephen Crane: Letters. New York: New York University Press.
- Walcutt, C. C. (2008). Stephen Crane: Naturalist, The Red Badge of Courage, Ed. Donald Pizer and Eric Carl Link. New York: N.N Norton.
Realist, Naturalist, Impressionist Narrative Techniques and Themes in Crane’s the Red Badge of Courage
Abstract
The distinguished American novelist Stephen Crane has been regarded as one of the pioneers of naturalism in American Novel. In his novel The Red Badge of Courage, naturalism occurs through the whole story, realism and impressionism also play an important part in his work. Cited for its fresh narrative style and naturalistic, realistic and impressionistic depictions of combat, the novel made him a celebrity. Naturalism sometimes depicts the relationship between individual and nature, focusing on the characters in their environment. Nature’s indifference to humanity’s fate is such naturalistic element explored in this novel. The reality of war is shown in its brutality, boredom and injustice. Crane carefully uses imagery that reflects the perspective and state of the protagonist. In this study, it is aimed to examine Stephen Crane’s novel as a non-traditional war narrative, where he reflects the inner experience of its protagonist, a soldier fleeing war from the perspectives of realism, naturalism and impressionism. In this thematic and descriptive study, text analysis was used and examples of naturalism, realism and impressionism were interpreted. In this work, which is close to the naturalness of daily language, the use of images and colour is important. The author has managed to convey the civil war in the most effective way, even though he did not live during the war years. This work, which reflects the American Civil War through the internal transformations experienced by the soldiers, provided a different perspective as well as general topics such as the north-south conflict.
References
- Bender, B. (1976). Hanging Stephen Crane in the Impressionist Museum. Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 35/1, 47-55.
- Berryman, J. (2001). Stephen Crane: A Critical Biography. New York: Cooper Square Press.
- Bode, C. (1995). Highlights of American Literature. USA: Materials Branch English Language Programs Division.
- Campbell, D. M. (2012). Realism in American Literature 1860-1890, Literary Movements, Washington: Gonzaga University Press.
- Crane, S. (1994). The Red Badge of Courage. London: Penguin Books.
- Çetişli, İ. (2006). Batı edebiyatında edebi akımlar. Ankara: Akçağ Yayınevi.
- Dixler, E. (1984). Book Notes: The Red Badge of Courage, Hauppauge. New York: Barron’s Educational Series.
- Ferrel, W. K. (2000). Literature and Film as Modern Methology. New York: Greenwood publishing group.
- Gullason, T. A. (1972). Stephen Crane’s Career: Perspectives and Evaluations. New York: New York University Press.
- Hartwick, H. (1962). The Red Badge of Nature, The Red Badge of Courage: An Annotated Text. Ed. Sculley Nradley et al. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.
- High, P B. (1986). An Outline of American Literature. USA: Longman.
- Holton, M. (1972). Cylinder of Vision. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
- Hough, R. L. (1972). Crane and Goethe: A Forgotten Relationship. Stephen Crane's Career: Perspectives & Evaluations. Ed. Thomas A. Gullason. New York: New York University Press.
- Lamprecht, S. (1967). The Metaphysics of Naturalism. New York: Appleton-Century- Crofts.
- Pizer, D. (1995). Realism and Naturalism in the Nineteenth Century American literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Solomon, E. (1996). Stephen Crane: From Parody to Realism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Sorrentino, P. (2006). Stephen Crane Remembered. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.
- Stallman, R. W. (1953). Stephen Crane: An Omnibus. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.
- Stallman, R. W., Gilkes, L. (1960). Stephen Crane: Letters. New York: New York University Press.
- Walcutt, C. C. (2008). Stephen Crane: Naturalist, The Red Badge of Courage, Ed. Donald Pizer and Eric Carl Link. New York: N.N Norton.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture |
| Journal Section | World languages and litertures |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 21, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Issue: 37 |
RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).