Öz
Bu çalışma, Daniel Defoe’nun Robinson Crusoe romanını, Kristevacı bir bakış açısıyla incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kristeva’nın iğrenme/zelil kuramı, bu romanda korkunun ve iğrenmenin güçlerini tartışmak için işe koşulmaktadır. Korku ve iğrenme, Crusoe’nun hikayesi ve onun Batılı benliği, Kristeva’nın sözleriyle söylemek gerekirse, süreç halindeki bir öznenin kuruluşu ve dağılışı için son derece önemlidir. Bu sebeple, bu çalışma Robinson Crusoe romanındaki iğrenme ve zelil kavramlarını araştırır ve Defoe’nun çatallanan metniyle de uyumlu olarak, iki bölümden oluşur. İlk bölüm, zelil figürünün Robinson Crusoe’ya nasıl musallat olduğunu ve zelilin hikayesinde nasıl görünür hale geldiğini inceler. Bu bölüm, Crusoe’nun insanlıktan uzakta, sürgünde olma, bilinenin ve adlandırılanın hüküm sürdüğü simgesel alandan kovulma, anlaşılmazlığın hakim olduğu imgesel alana düşme hallerini, insan formunu kaybetme ve katıksız bir hayvaniliğe gömülme, vahşiler ve hayvanlar tarafından yutulma korkularını, yamyamlığa karşı olan takıntısını, ölüm korkusunu ve ötekiyle karşılaşma anlarını irdeler. Diğer bölüm ise, bölgelerin tasarlayıcısı ve karmaşanın düzenleyicisi olan Crusoe’nun kendi evrenini nasıl sınırlarla işaretlediğini, zelile karşı koymak için bu sınırları nasıl sağlamlaştırdığını, ve zelile karşı verdiği mücadele ile nasıl bir özne olmaya çalıştığını ele alır. Bu bölüm, öznenin iğrenme süreci aracığıyla nasıl kendini doğurduğunu tartışır. İğrenme hariç kılınan, hazmedilip sindirilen şeylere ışık tuttuğu için, bu çalışma aynı zamanda nelerin bu romanın sınırlarının dışına sürüldüğünü de anlamaya çalışmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aravamudan, S. (2008). Defoe, commerce, and empire. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Daniel Defoe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Bannet, E. T. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and travel writing: The transatlantic world. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Becker-Leckrone, M. (2005). Julia Kristeva and literary theory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Bishop, E. (2008). Poems, Prose, and Letters. New York: The Library of America.
- Borsing, C. (2017). Daniel Defoe and the representation of personal identity. New York: Routledge.
- Bullard, R. (2018). Politics, history, and the Robinson Crusoe story. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Butler, J. (1999). Subjects of desire: Hegelian reflections in twentieth-century France. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Defoe, D. (2000). The life and adventures of Robinson Crusoe. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth.
- Eagleton, T. (2005). The English novel: An introduction. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
- Fisher, C. (2018). Innovation and imitation in the eighteenth-century robinsonade. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Hunter, J. P. (2018). Genre, nature, Robinson Crusoe. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Pres.
- Kristeva, J. (1987). Tales of love. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1984). Revolution in poetic language. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of horror: An essay on abjection. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in language: A semiotic approach to literature and art. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Lechte, J. (1990). Julia Kristeva. London; New York: Routledge.
- McAfee, N. (2004). Julia Kristeva. London; New York: Routledge.
- Merriam-Webster. (n. d.). Propriety. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/propriety
- Merriam-Webster. (n. d.). Quaint. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quaint
- Novak, M. E. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and Defoe’s career as a writer. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Platten, D. (1999). Michel Tournier and the metaphor of fiction. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
- Richetti, J. (2018). Preface. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Richetti, J. (2008). Defoe as narrative innovator. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Daniel Defoe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Richetti, J. (2005). The life of Daniel Defoe: A critical biography. Malden, MA; Oxford: Blackwell.
- Roberts, D. (2000). Introduction. Robinson Crusoe. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth.
- Rogers, P. (2018). Robinson Crusoe: Good housekeeping, gentility, and property. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Sallis, J. (1991). Crossings: Nietzsche and the space of tragedy. Chicago; London: The University of Chicago Press.
- Seidel, M. (2008). Robinson Crusoe: Varieties of fictional experience. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Daniel Defoe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Starr, G. A. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and its sequels: The farther adventures and serious reflections. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Swenson, R. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and the form of the new novel. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Thompson, H. (2018). The Crusoe story: Philosophical and psychological implications. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Watt, I. (1957). The rise of the novel: Studies in Defoe, Richardson and Fielding. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Öz
This paper aims to explore Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe from a Kristevan perspective. Kristeva’s theory of abjection is employed to discuss the powers of horror and disgust in this novel. Fear and repulsion are so fundamental to the story of Crusoe, to the construction and disintegration of his Western self, a subject in process and on trial in the words of Kristeva. Therefore, this study deals with the abject and abjection in Robinson Crusoe and consists of two sections in accordance with Defoe’s bifurcated text. The first section focuses on how Crusoe is haunted by the abject and how the abject becomes manifest in his tale. It explores Crusoe’s banishment from humankind, expulsion from the symbolic domain of the knowable and nameable into the asymbolic realm of the incomprehensible, his fear of losing his human shape, of sinking into sheer animality, his constant terror of being devoured by beasts and savages, his obsession with cannibalism, his fear of death and his confrontation with the other. The other section concentrates on how Crusoe, a deviser of territories and an organiser of chaos, demarcates his universe, consolidates his boundaries to strive against the abject, and seeks to become a subject in his struggle against the abject. It discusses how the subject gives birth to himself by means of abjection. Since abjection sheds light on what is excluded or digested, this discussion of the novel is also intended to provide insights into what is dismissed from the confines of this novel.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aravamudan, S. (2008). Defoe, commerce, and empire. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Daniel Defoe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Bannet, E. T. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and travel writing: The transatlantic world. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Becker-Leckrone, M. (2005). Julia Kristeva and literary theory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Bishop, E. (2008). Poems, Prose, and Letters. New York: The Library of America.
- Borsing, C. (2017). Daniel Defoe and the representation of personal identity. New York: Routledge.
- Bullard, R. (2018). Politics, history, and the Robinson Crusoe story. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Butler, J. (1999). Subjects of desire: Hegelian reflections in twentieth-century France. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Defoe, D. (2000). The life and adventures of Robinson Crusoe. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth.
- Eagleton, T. (2005). The English novel: An introduction. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
- Fisher, C. (2018). Innovation and imitation in the eighteenth-century robinsonade. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Hunter, J. P. (2018). Genre, nature, Robinson Crusoe. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Pres.
- Kristeva, J. (1987). Tales of love. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1984). Revolution in poetic language. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1982). Powers of horror: An essay on abjection. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in language: A semiotic approach to literature and art. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Lechte, J. (1990). Julia Kristeva. London; New York: Routledge.
- McAfee, N. (2004). Julia Kristeva. London; New York: Routledge.
- Merriam-Webster. (n. d.). Propriety. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/propriety
- Merriam-Webster. (n. d.). Quaint. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved August 30, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quaint
- Novak, M. E. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and Defoe’s career as a writer. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Platten, D. (1999). Michel Tournier and the metaphor of fiction. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
- Richetti, J. (2018). Preface. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Richetti, J. (2008). Defoe as narrative innovator. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Daniel Defoe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Richetti, J. (2005). The life of Daniel Defoe: A critical biography. Malden, MA; Oxford: Blackwell.
- Roberts, D. (2000). Introduction. Robinson Crusoe. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth.
- Rogers, P. (2018). Robinson Crusoe: Good housekeeping, gentility, and property. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Sallis, J. (1991). Crossings: Nietzsche and the space of tragedy. Chicago; London: The University of Chicago Press.
- Seidel, M. (2008). Robinson Crusoe: Varieties of fictional experience. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Daniel Defoe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Starr, G. A. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and its sequels: The farther adventures and serious reflections. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Swenson, R. (2018). Robinson Crusoe and the form of the new novel. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Thompson, H. (2018). The Crusoe story: Philosophical and psychological implications. In J. Richetti (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to “Robinson Crusoe”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Watt, I. (1957). The rise of the novel: Studies in Defoe, Richardson and Fielding. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sanat ve Edebiyat |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 15 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 20 Aralık 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 62 Sayı: 2 |
Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi
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