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ÖZEL GEREKSİNİME İHTİYACI OLAN ÇOCUKLARA SAHİP ANNE BABALARDA TRAVMA SONRASI BÜYÜME

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 378 - 386, 20.12.2022

Öz

Amaç: Farklı gelişen çocuğa sahip olmak aile için önemli yaşam krizlerinden biri olarak kabul edilebilir. Anne babalar bu durumdan farklı şekillerde etkilenmektedirler. Bu çalışmada özel gereksinime ihtiyacı olan çocuklara sahip anne ve babaların bu yaşam krizi sonrasındaki travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerinin nasıl olduğunun incelenmesi üzerinde durulmuştur. Özel gereksinime ihtiyacı olan bir çocuğa sahip anne babalarda travma sonrası büyümenin olup olmadığının incelenmesi bu araştırmanın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır.
Yöntem: Bu amaçla özel gereksinime muhtaç çocuğa sahip 308 baba ve 359 anne olmak üzere 670 kişiye ölçekler uygulanmıştır. Bununla birlikte özel gereksinime muhtaç olmayan çocuğu olan 197 baba ve 286 anne olmak üzere 483 anne baba çalışmaya alınmıştır.
Anne babaların sosyo-demografik özelliklerini saptamak amacıyla, 17 maddeden oluşan demografik bilgi formu; travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerini ölçmek için Tedeschi ve Calhoun tarafından geliştirilen ve 21 maddeden oluşan Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri (TSB) kullanılmıştır.
Sonuçlar: Verilerin analizleri SPSS 22 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi için; Bağımsız Gruplar t-testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular %95 güven aralığında olmakla beraber, %5 anlamlılık düzeyi göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Özel gereksinimli anne babaların travma sonrası toplam puanları özel gereksinimi olmayan anne babalara kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur.
Tartışma: araştırma grubunun travma sonrası büyüme toplam puanları ve alt boyutları kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip ailelerin yaşadıkları sürece ilişkin pozitif büyümeyi saptayıp farkına varmaları sağlanarak, bu yolla psikolojik sağlamlıklarını arttırmayı amaçlayan programlar ve aile rehberlik hizmetleri geliştirilebilir.

Destekleyen Kurum

İlkadım Özel Eğitim ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezi

Proje Numarası

uygulanamaz

Teşekkür

UYGULANAMAZ

Kaynakça

  • Blacher, J., & Baker, B. L. (2007): Positive impact of intellectual disability on families, American Journal on Mental Retardation, 112, 330-348.
  • Byra, S., Zyta, S., Cwirynkalo, K., (2017). Posttraumatic Growth in Mothers of Children with Disabilities. Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja 2017, Vol 53, Supplement, str. 15-27.
  • Can, A.(2018). 4-18 yaş arası farklı gelişim gösteren çocuk anneleri ile normal gelişim gösteren çocuk annelerinin travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul.
  • Carver, C. S., & Antoni, M. H. (2004). Finding Benefit in Breast Cancer During the Year After Diagnosis Predicts Better Adjustment 5 to 8 Years After Diagnosis. Health Psychology, 23(6), 595–598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.23.6.595 Christian, L. G. (2006), Understanding families: Applying family systems theory to early childhood practice. Young Children, 61, 12–20.
  • Calhoun, L. G., & Tedeschi, R. G. (2006). The Foundations of Posttraumatic Growth: An Expanded Framework. In L. G. Calhoun & R. G. Tedeschi (Eds.), Handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research & practice (pp. 3–23). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Dürü, Ç. (2006). Travma sonrası stres belirtileri ve travma sonrası büyümenin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi ve bir model önerisi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Ekas, N.V., & Whitman, T.L. (2010). Autism symptom topography and maternal socioemotional functioning. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 115 3, 234-49 .
  • Ha B.Y., Jung E.J., Choi S.Y. (2014), Effects of Resilience, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder on the Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer. Korean Journal of Women Health. 2014 March;20(1):83-91. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2014.20.1.83.
  • Hastings, R. P. & Taunt, H. (2002): Positive perceptions in families of children with developmental disabilities, American Journal on Mental Retardation, 107, 2, 116-127.
  • Hastings, R. P., Beck, A. & Hill, C. (2005): Positive contributions made by children with an intellectual disability in the family: mothers and fathers perceptions, Journal of Intellectual Disabilities: JOID, 9, 2, 155-165.
  • Hsiao, Y.J., Higgins, K., Pierce, T., Whitby, P.J.S., Tandy, R. D. (2017), Parental stress, family quality of life, and family-teacher partnerships: Families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research Developmental Disabilty. 2017 Nov;70:152-162.
  • Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (2005), Positive adjustment to threatening events: An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity. Review of general psychology, 9(3), 262- 280.
  • Kayfitz, A. D., Gragg, M. N. & Orr, R. R. (2010): Positive experiences of mothers and fathers of children with autism, Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 4, 337-343.
  • Konrad, S. C. (2006): Posttraumatic growth in mothers of children with acquired disabilities, Journal of Loss and Trauma, 11, 101-113.
  • Kimura, M. & Yamazaki, Y. (2013): The lived experience of mothers of multiple children with intellectual disabilities, Qualitative Health Research, 23, 10, 1307-1319.
  • King, G. A., Zwaigenbaum, L., King, S., Baxter, D., Rosenbaum, P. & Bates, A. (2006): A qualitative investigation of changes in the belief systems of families of children with autism or Down syndrome, Child: Care, Health and Development, 32, 3, 353-369.
  • Kömürcü, C., Kuzu, A. (2020), Kronik Böbrek Hastalığında Travma Sonrası Büyüme. Nefroloji Hemşireliği Dergisi, 15(1), 30-36.
  • Laufer , A. & Isman, E. (2021). Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) Among Parents of Children With Special Needs. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 10.1080/15325024.2021.1878336.
  • McConnell, D., Savage, A., Sobsey, D. & Uditsky, B. (2015): Benefit-finding of finding benefits? The positive impact of having a disabled child, Disability & Society, 30, 1, 29-45.
  • Olçay-Gül, S., Olgunsoylu, B., Ünal, Y. (2015). “Yetersizliği olan ve normal gelişim gösteren çocuğa sahip ailelerin travma sonrası stres belirti ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesi”, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(32), ss.221-245.
  • Pelchat, D., Lefebrune, H., Perault, M., (2003), Differences and Similarities Between Mother and Fathers Experiences of Parenting A Child With Disability, J. Child Care, 7:4; 231-247 57.
  • Phelps AC, Maciejewski PK, Nilsson M, Balboni TA, Wright AA, Paulk ME, Trice E, Schrag D, Peteet JR, Block SD, Prigerson HG.
  • Religious coping and use of intensive life-prolonging care near death in patients with advanced cancer. JAMA. 2009 Mar 18;301(11):1140-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.341. PMID: 19293414; PMCID: PMC2869298. Rubin, O. & Schreiber-Divon, M. (2014): Mothers of adolescents with intellectual disabilities: the "meaning" of severity level, Psychology, 5, 587-594. Sidener, E. A. (2019), "Resilience And Post-Traumatıc Growth In Parents Of Chıldren Wıth Specıal Needs," OSR Journal of Student Research: Vol. 5 , Article 350.
  • Strecker, S., Hazelwood, Z. J. & Shakespeare-Finch, J. (2014): Postdiagnosis personal growth in an Australian population of parents raising children with developmental disability, Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 39, 1, 1-9. Sucuoğlu, B., 2009. Zihin Engelliler Ve Eğitimleri. Ankara, Kök Yayıncılık, 51.
  • Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1995). Trauma & transformation: Growing in the aftermath of suffering. Sage Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483326931
  • Tedeschi, Richard, G. Calhoun, Lawrence, G. (2004), Pottraumatic Growth: Conceptual Foundations and Empirical Evidence. 1-18. Vilaseca, R., Ferrer, F. & Guardia Olmos J. (2013): Gender differences in positive perceptions, anxiety, and depression among mothers and fathers of children with intellectual disabilities: a logistic regression analysis, Quality and Quantity, 48, 4, 2241-2253
  • Zhang, W., Yan, T. T., Barriball, K. L., While, A. E. & Liu, X. H. (2015): Posttraumatic growth in mothers of children with autism: A phenomenological study, Autism, 19, 1, 29-37.
  • Zhang, W., Yan, T-T., Du, Y-S. & Liu, X-H. (2013): Relationship between coping, rumination and posttraumatic growth in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders, Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

POST TRAUMATİC GROWTH İN PARENTS OF CHİLDREN WİTH SPECİAL NEEDS

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 378 - 386, 20.12.2022

Öz

Objective: Having a child who develops differently can be considered as one of the important life crises for the family. Parents are affected by this situation in different ways. In this study, it is focused on examining the post-traumatic growth characteristics of mothers and fathers who have children with special needs after this life crisis. The main purpose of this research is to examine whether there is post-traumatic growth in parents who have a child with special needs.
Method: For this purpose, the scales were applied to 670 people, including 308 fathers and 359 mothers, who have children with special needs. In addition, 483 parents, including 197 fathers and 286 mothers, who have children who do not need special needs, were included in the study.
Demographic information form consisting of 17 items in order to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents; The Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (TSB), developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun and consisting of 21 items, was used to measure post-traumatic growth characteristics.
Results: Data analyzes were performed using the SPSS 22 program. For data analysis; Independent Groups t-test were used. Although the findings were in the 95% confidence interval, they were evaluated considering the 5% significance level. Post-traumatic total scores of parents with special needs were found to be significantly higher than those of parents with no special needs.
Discussion: Posttraumatic growth total scores and sub-dimensions of the study group were found to be significantly higher than the control group. By enabling families with special needs children to detect and realize the positive growth related to the process they live, programs and family guidance services aiming to increase their psychological resilience can be developed in this way.

Proje Numarası

uygulanamaz

Kaynakça

  • Blacher, J., & Baker, B. L. (2007): Positive impact of intellectual disability on families, American Journal on Mental Retardation, 112, 330-348.
  • Byra, S., Zyta, S., Cwirynkalo, K., (2017). Posttraumatic Growth in Mothers of Children with Disabilities. Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja 2017, Vol 53, Supplement, str. 15-27.
  • Can, A.(2018). 4-18 yaş arası farklı gelişim gösteren çocuk anneleri ile normal gelişim gösteren çocuk annelerinin travma sonrası büyüme özelliklerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul.
  • Carver, C. S., & Antoni, M. H. (2004). Finding Benefit in Breast Cancer During the Year After Diagnosis Predicts Better Adjustment 5 to 8 Years After Diagnosis. Health Psychology, 23(6), 595–598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.23.6.595 Christian, L. G. (2006), Understanding families: Applying family systems theory to early childhood practice. Young Children, 61, 12–20.
  • Calhoun, L. G., & Tedeschi, R. G. (2006). The Foundations of Posttraumatic Growth: An Expanded Framework. In L. G. Calhoun & R. G. Tedeschi (Eds.), Handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research & practice (pp. 3–23). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Dürü, Ç. (2006). Travma sonrası stres belirtileri ve travma sonrası büyümenin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi ve bir model önerisi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Ekas, N.V., & Whitman, T.L. (2010). Autism symptom topography and maternal socioemotional functioning. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 115 3, 234-49 .
  • Ha B.Y., Jung E.J., Choi S.Y. (2014), Effects of Resilience, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder on the Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer. Korean Journal of Women Health. 2014 March;20(1):83-91. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2014.20.1.83.
  • Hastings, R. P. & Taunt, H. (2002): Positive perceptions in families of children with developmental disabilities, American Journal on Mental Retardation, 107, 2, 116-127.
  • Hastings, R. P., Beck, A. & Hill, C. (2005): Positive contributions made by children with an intellectual disability in the family: mothers and fathers perceptions, Journal of Intellectual Disabilities: JOID, 9, 2, 155-165.
  • Hsiao, Y.J., Higgins, K., Pierce, T., Whitby, P.J.S., Tandy, R. D. (2017), Parental stress, family quality of life, and family-teacher partnerships: Families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research Developmental Disabilty. 2017 Nov;70:152-162.
  • Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (2005), Positive adjustment to threatening events: An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity. Review of general psychology, 9(3), 262- 280.
  • Kayfitz, A. D., Gragg, M. N. & Orr, R. R. (2010): Positive experiences of mothers and fathers of children with autism, Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 4, 337-343.
  • Konrad, S. C. (2006): Posttraumatic growth in mothers of children with acquired disabilities, Journal of Loss and Trauma, 11, 101-113.
  • Kimura, M. & Yamazaki, Y. (2013): The lived experience of mothers of multiple children with intellectual disabilities, Qualitative Health Research, 23, 10, 1307-1319.
  • King, G. A., Zwaigenbaum, L., King, S., Baxter, D., Rosenbaum, P. & Bates, A. (2006): A qualitative investigation of changes in the belief systems of families of children with autism or Down syndrome, Child: Care, Health and Development, 32, 3, 353-369.
  • Kömürcü, C., Kuzu, A. (2020), Kronik Böbrek Hastalığında Travma Sonrası Büyüme. Nefroloji Hemşireliği Dergisi, 15(1), 30-36.
  • Laufer , A. & Isman, E. (2021). Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) Among Parents of Children With Special Needs. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 10.1080/15325024.2021.1878336.
  • McConnell, D., Savage, A., Sobsey, D. & Uditsky, B. (2015): Benefit-finding of finding benefits? The positive impact of having a disabled child, Disability & Society, 30, 1, 29-45.
  • Olçay-Gül, S., Olgunsoylu, B., Ünal, Y. (2015). “Yetersizliği olan ve normal gelişim gösteren çocuğa sahip ailelerin travma sonrası stres belirti ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesi”, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(32), ss.221-245.
  • Pelchat, D., Lefebrune, H., Perault, M., (2003), Differences and Similarities Between Mother and Fathers Experiences of Parenting A Child With Disability, J. Child Care, 7:4; 231-247 57.
  • Phelps AC, Maciejewski PK, Nilsson M, Balboni TA, Wright AA, Paulk ME, Trice E, Schrag D, Peteet JR, Block SD, Prigerson HG.
  • Religious coping and use of intensive life-prolonging care near death in patients with advanced cancer. JAMA. 2009 Mar 18;301(11):1140-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.341. PMID: 19293414; PMCID: PMC2869298. Rubin, O. & Schreiber-Divon, M. (2014): Mothers of adolescents with intellectual disabilities: the "meaning" of severity level, Psychology, 5, 587-594. Sidener, E. A. (2019), "Resilience And Post-Traumatıc Growth In Parents Of Chıldren Wıth Specıal Needs," OSR Journal of Student Research: Vol. 5 , Article 350.
  • Strecker, S., Hazelwood, Z. J. & Shakespeare-Finch, J. (2014): Postdiagnosis personal growth in an Australian population of parents raising children with developmental disability, Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 39, 1, 1-9. Sucuoğlu, B., 2009. Zihin Engelliler Ve Eğitimleri. Ankara, Kök Yayıncılık, 51.
  • Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1995). Trauma & transformation: Growing in the aftermath of suffering. Sage Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483326931
  • Tedeschi, Richard, G. Calhoun, Lawrence, G. (2004), Pottraumatic Growth: Conceptual Foundations and Empirical Evidence. 1-18. Vilaseca, R., Ferrer, F. & Guardia Olmos J. (2013): Gender differences in positive perceptions, anxiety, and depression among mothers and fathers of children with intellectual disabilities: a logistic regression analysis, Quality and Quantity, 48, 4, 2241-2253
  • Zhang, W., Yan, T. T., Barriball, K. L., While, A. E. & Liu, X. H. (2015): Posttraumatic growth in mothers of children with autism: A phenomenological study, Autism, 19, 1, 29-37.
  • Zhang, W., Yan, T-T., Du, Y-S. & Liu, X-H. (2013): Relationship between coping, rumination and posttraumatic growth in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders, Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji, Klinik Psikoloji, Uygulamalı ve Gelişimsel Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Gülşen Filazoğlu Çokluk 0000-0002-7431-282X

Proje Numarası uygulanamaz
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 30 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Filazoğlu Çokluk, G. (2022). ÖZEL GEREKSİNİME İHTİYACI OLAN ÇOCUKLARA SAHİP ANNE BABALARDA TRAVMA SONRASI BÜYÜME. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri Ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 4(4), 378-386.