LADY MARY MONTAGU’S USAGE OF A “RHETORIC OF DIFFERENCE” AND A “RHETORIC OF LIKENESS” IN TURKISH EMBASSY LETTERS
Abstract
Edward Said says in Culture and Imperialism that the studies about the Middle East have been dominated by masculism and he shows the significance of women’s role in undermining this dominance by demonstrating the “diversity and complexity of experience that works beneath the totalizing discourses of Orientalism and of Middle East (overwhelmingly male) nationalism” (Said, 1979, p. 24). In my study, I showcase the certain complicity between Orientalism’s imperialist functions and Western feminism. The feminist, orientalist, and imperialist tendencies reflect the very Enlightenment idea of Western European women as the “sole signifier of civilization” (Yeğenoglu, 1998, p. 106). Although writers like Wollstonecraft, Evans, and Chevers happen to be the repetitive voice of their male counterparts and of previous generations, other women writers, like Lady Mary Montagu, project their own life experiences into literature that sheds light on the dark corners of the Orient. Lady Mary Montagu with her Turkish Embassy Letters is one of the most important contributors for the unbiased portrayal of Ottoman life during the imperial era. She fearlessly deconstructs the common assumptions and claims about the oppression of Muslim women in her Ottoman accounts.
Keywords
References
- ANDREA, Bernadette Diane (2007). Women and Islam in Early Modern English Lit- erature. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
- ADAK, Hülya (2001). Intersubjectivity: Halide Edib (1882-1964) or the 'Otto- man/Turkish Woman' as the Subject of Knowledge. U of Chicago Diss, USA.
- BAKHTIN, M.M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Trans. Michael Holquist. Austin: U of Texas P.
- BERNADETTE, Andrea (2007). Women and Islam in Early Modern English Literature. New York: Cambridge UP.
- BLOUNt, Henry (1636). A Voyage into the Levant. London: Andrew Crooke.
- BOER, Inge E. (1995-96). Despotism from under the Veil: Masculine and Feminine Readings of the Despot and the Harem. Cultural Critique, 32, 43-73.
- CAMPBELL, Jill (1994). Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and the Historical Machinery of Female Identity. History, Gender & Eighteenth-Century Literature. Ed. Beth Fowkes Tobin, Athens: U of Georgia P, 64-85.
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
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Journal Section
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Authors
Publication Date
July 8, 2015
Submission Date
July 8, 2015
Acceptance Date
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Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 39 Number: 2